The concept of neurodiversity has thankfully changed.

We have moved beyond the notion that neurodiversity and autism is some thing that needs to fixed. The view is now that individuals with such traits are wonderfully unique. This is not in anyway indicating that the ongoing importance of early diagnosis. There is a wealth of research which shows the significant impact on the involvement, interaction and well being of autistic individuals and their families in various settings like home, school, community, work and care through early interventions.

I make sure to transition from diagnostic pathways focused on single conditions to neurodevelopmental pathways that take into account co occurring conditions in a holistic manner. Seeing the individual and their specific presentation is central to my work.

The accepted diagnostic criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ( ed.; DSM 5) [1]. The criteria is based upon behavior patterns and still emphasises "impairment" or "deficit," with terminology using terms, like "disorder," which may conflict with models of disability, realistic medicine practices and the principles of neurodiversity [3].There is evidence indicating that various neurodevelopmental conditions as currently defined often coexist and intersect. It is typically the combination of an individuals profile or "neurotype" along, with factors that determines their support needs than just a diagnosis.

Lately there has been a growing acknowledgment of the significance of accepting neurodiversity. The idea that neurological differences like autism, ADHD and other neurodevelopmental conditions are subject to variations in the human brain, rather than issues to be fixed or eradicated. As society moves towards inclusivity it becomes essential to provide approaches that honor and validate neurodivergent individuals.

in order to encourage each individual, therapeutic techniques are based on Neurodiversity Affirming Therapy principles along, with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and other complementary methods.

Exploring Neurodiversity Affirming Therapy;

Neurodiversity Affirming Therapy aims to respect and appreciate the strengths, experiences and perspectives of individuals. Unlike therapy models that focus on pathology and strive to normalize behaviors this therapy embraces the notion that neurodivergent characteristicsre an intrinsic part of ones identity.

The goal is to establish a welcoming and encouraging space, for individuals with traits to discover their strengths address obstacles and develop strategies that align with themselves.

Key Principles of Therapy Embracing Neurodiversity;

1.. Appreciation; Therapy embracing neurodiversity acknowledges and honors the identities of individuals valuing them as important and deserving of recognition. It promotes self acceptance and inclusivity by encouraging individuals to embrace themselves and others without criticism fostering a sense of community and self worth.

2. Strengths Oriented Approach; than concentrating on weaknesses or difficulties this form of therapy highlights the identification and cultivation of an individuals strengths and unique talents. By acknowledging and utilizing their strengths neurodivergent individuals can build confidence. Feel empowered.

3.. Tailored; Therapy embracing neurodiversity understands that each individuals journey with neurodivergence is distinct. It respects the clients knowledge about their experiences. Actively engages them in the therapeutic process. Together therapist and client collaborate to explore approaches and interventions that align with the individuals needs and objectives.

4. Education and Support; Therapists who practice therapy embracing neurodiversity play a role in educating clients, their families and wider community about neurodiversity. They challenge misconceptions promote awareness and advocate for changes that enhance support for individuals, across various aspects of life.

Benefits of Neurodiversity Affirming Therapy;

1. Boost, in Self Acceptance; The therapy creates a space for individuals to explore their identities without fear of judgment or embarrassment. It encourages a self image. Helps individuals embrace their unique neurodivergent qualities as strengths.

2. Enhanced Emotional Wellness; By emphasizing strengths and empowerment this therapy can improve well being and resilience. It empowers individuals to develop self advocacy skills effectively manage challenges and cope with stress, anxiety and other emotional issues.

3. Stronger Relationships and Social Bonds; Neurodiversity Affirming Therapy fosters the development of skills. Equips individuals with tools to navigate social interactions successfully. By promoting self acceptance and empathy it aids in forming connections with others and a sense of belonging.

4.. Independence; Through support and collaboration Neurodiversity Affirming Therapy empowers individuals to take charge of their lives. It promotes autonomy, self determination and pursuit of goals resulting in enhanced confidence and a feeling of control.

Comparing Neurodiversity Affirming Therapy with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT);

Although both therapies are beneficial, in their right they differ significantly in their core principles and approaches.

Neurodiversity Affirming Therapy and CBT have philosophies, treatment goals and approaches. While CBT focuses on reducing symptoms and changing thought patterns, Neurodiversity Affirming Therapy prioritizes acceptance, empowerment and embracing identities. It aims to create an environment for individuals to explore their strengths and develop strategies that align with who they are. Here are some key differences, between the two approaches;

1.. Focus;

* Neurodiversity Affirming Therapy; This approach embraces neurodiversity recognizing neurodivergent traits as variations in the brain. The focus is, on accepting differences leveraging strengths and empowering individuals to lead lives.

* Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Rooted in the model CBT targets thoughts and behaviors to alleviate distress by reshaping specific symptoms perceived as maladaptive. It helps individuals cultivate thinking patterns and coping mechanisms.

2. Core Principles;

* Neurodiversity Affirming Therapy; Prioritizes acceptance, self advocacy and tailored support based on needs. This therapy values the clients expertise in their experiences while fostering an environment that validates diverse identities.

* Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Both Neurodiversity Affirming Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) incorporate elements like educating individuals about neurodiversity using storytelling in therapy focusing on strengths helping individuals advocate for themselves and building connections.

* In CBT strategies such, as adjusting patterns trying out behaviors through experiments facing fears gradually through exposure therapy and learning new skills are employed to recognize and change negative thoughts and behaviors.

While Neurodiversity Affirming Therapy and CBT have their features there are also areas where they overlap. Here are a few points of convergence between the two approaches;

1. Collaborative Relationship Between Client and Therapist; Both therapies stress the importance of teamwork between the therapist and client. They work together to understand the clients perspective set goals for treatment and create strategies to tackle challenges.

2. Emphasis, on Empowerment and Skill Development; Both approaches aim to empower individuals to participate in improving their well being. They focus on enhancing skills that help navigate difficulties and enhance quality of life.

3. Importance of Providing Information; Both therapies acknowledge the importance of educating clients about their experiences.

Psychoeducation plays a role, in helping people comprehend their thoughts, feelings and actions empowering them to make decisions and embrace self care practices.

4. Setting goals is an aspect of both therapy approaches. Whether its about reducing symptoms in CBT or promoting self acceptance and well being in Neurodiversity Affirming Therapy both methods stress the importance of working towards outcomes for the individual.

5. Both therapies focus on facilitating change and personal growth despite their differing philosophies. CBT targets altering thought patterns and behaviors while Neurodiversity Affirming Therapy aims at nurturing self acceptance, resilience and exploring strengths. The common goal remains to help individuals undergo transformations in their lives.

6. Recognizing the uniqueness of each client is crucial for both types of therapy. Whether it involves adapting interventions to suit traits in Neurodiversity Affirming Therapy or pinpointing thoughts and behaviors for modification in CBT individualized treatment takes precedence in both approaches.

It's worth mentioning that while there are similarities, between Neurodiversity Affirming Therapy and CBT their foundational principles and therapeutic techniques exhibit differences.

Neurodiversity Affirming Therapy focuses on celebrating identities and embracing the idea of neurodiversity while Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is more, about addressing specific symptoms and changing thoughts and behaviors.

It's important for parents to have an understanding of assessments and know when to seek guidance from a qualified healthcare professional if they suspect neurodiversity. While these assessments can be helpful they are one part of the process.

There are types of neurodivergent assessments today that can help individuals gain a deeper insight into their neurodiversity. Some used tests include;

RAADS 14 Screen; Ritvo Autism and Asperger Diagnostic Scale Revised; This self reporting tool assesses autism features through 14 questions focusing on impairments, social anxiety and sensory responsiveness. It can sometimes identify individuals who may not be identified in assessments.

The Autism Quotient (AQ); A 50 question self reporting questionnaire designed to measure autism potential in adults with an IQ.

The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS 2); This assessment evaluates behavior, communication and social interaction to aid in diagnosing autism through observation by a trained clinician.

These are just a few amongst many robust tests and unlike many clinicians I ensure that a thought testing and evaluation is conducted to understand whether there is an overlap between neurodiversity, often ADHD and Autism, the type of ADHD a person has and the comorbid factors in presentation. IT is from here that I develop both therapies and behavioural strategies to develop a persons coping and esteem. Indeed, I also work closely with schools if age appropriate, to honour the student and to make sure they are thriving as they should in a learning environment.

Some neurodivergent assessments can be self administered by individuals seeking insight, into their diversity.

To arrive at a diagnosis I use a mix of tests, like these in combination with interviews during a thorough evaluation process.

It's crucial to recognize that no single test for neurodiversity stands alone as a tool or a universal approach..

Indications of neurodiversity may include,. Are not limited to several of the following;

Speech or language development delays

Challenges with comprehending and following directions

Difficulty maintaining focus

Limited eye contact or social engagement

Repetitive actions and strict adherence to routines

Sensory sensitivities (e.g., aversion to specific textures, sounds, etc.)

Struggles, with adapting to change or transitions

Poor motor skills or coordination

Rigidity in thinking or problem solving difficulties

Heightened levels of anxiety

But there is no need to feel overwhelmed. After the initial in-depth analysis across a few hours, (on zoom or in person or both) the change towards feeling better can begin.